Guide To World Crudes: Anniversary, extended life prompt Oseberg Blend assay update
Oseberg is one of the four largest oil and gas fields on the Norwegian Shelf. Current crude oil output averages about 144,000 b/d from the Oseberg field center (OFC), which consists of the connecting Oseberg A, B, and D platforms. Production from nearby Oseberg C, East and South platforms as well as Brage, Veslefrikk, Huldra, Tune and Grane fields also feeds into the stream. Crude production from all Oseberg installations is routed via the OFC and the Oseberg transport system to the onshore Sture terminal near Bergen in western Norway.
While the original production life of the field was estimated to 2017 when it began producing in 1988, new drilling technology and extensive use of gas injection have improved both the field's recovery rate and expected lifetime, according to a recent announcement from Statoil.
With an investment of more than NOK 45 billion (US $7 billion) in the field over the past decade, Oseberg partners Statoil (49.3%), Petoro (33.6%), Total E&P Norge (14.7%), and ConocoPhillips Skandinavia (2.4%) are planning additional upgrades to improve recovery, according to Statoil. Scheduled for completion in spring 2014, the most extensive upgrade currently is under way on the Oseberg B drilling platform, where wells will be both overhauled and drilled.
Estimated recoverable oil reserves for Oseberg field's main reservoir—which has reached a 69% recovery rate—have increased as of 2013 to 2.6 billion bbl from about 1.1 billion bbl in 1983.
Whole crude
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.832
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 38.5
UOP K factor: 12
Total sulfur, wt %: 0.238
Mercaptan sulfur, ppm: 3.0
Total nitrogen, ppm: 817
Basic nitrogen, ppm: 267.0
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.26
Reid vapor pressure, psi: 7.8
Vis. at 20° C., cst: 4.89
Vis. at 40° C., cst: 3.02
Vis. at 50° C., cst: 2.45
Paraffins, wt %: 36.4
Naphthenes, wt %: 36.8
Aromatics, wt %: 26.8
Pour point, °C.: –18
Wax, wt %: 5.0
Asphaltenes, wt %: 0.2
Micro carbon residue, wt %: 1.8
Rams. carbon residue, wt %: 1.5
Vanadium, ppm (wt): 1.7
Nickel, ppm (wt): 1.5
C1, wt %: 0.03
C2, wt %: 0.03
C3, wt %: 0.54
i–C4, wt %: 0.36
n–C4, wt %: 1.16
i–C5, wt %: 0.96
n–C5, wt %: 1.43
C5H10, wt %: 0.17
C6 paraffins, wt %: 2.69
C6 naphthenes, wt %: 1.80
C6H6, wt %: 0.46
C7 paraffins, wt %: 2.57
C7 naphthenes, wt %: 2.71
C7H7, wt %: 1.10
Atmospheric distillation
Pentanes to 65° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 3.9
Yield on crude, vol %: 5.0
Cumulative yield, wt %: 6.0
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.644
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 88.2
Mercaptan sulfur, ppm: 0.1
RON (clear): 77.7
MON (clear): 77.0
Paraffins, wt %: 95.6
Naphthenes, wt %: 4.4
Hydrogen, wt %: 16.5
65–100° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 6.9
Yield on crude, vol %: 8.0
Cumulative yield, wt %: 12.9
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.720
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 65.0
Mercaptan sulfur, ppm: 0.4
RON (clear): 57.3
MON (clear): 55.4
Paraffins, wt %: 57.5
Naphthenes, wt %: 35.9
Aromatics, wt %: 6.7
Hydrogen, wt %: 15.0
100–150° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 11.1
Yield on crude, vol %: 12.0
Cumulative yield, wt %: 24.0
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.769
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 52.5
UOP K factor: 11.6
Sulfur, wt %: 0.001
Mercaptan sulfur, ppm: 0.6
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.01
RON (clear): 61.0
MON (clear): 58.2
Paraffins, wt %: 41.0
Naphthenes, wt %: 35.9
Aromatics, wt %: 23.0
Aniline point, °C.: 49.9
Hydrogen, wt %: 13.8
150–200° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 9.9
Yield on crude, vol %: 10.4
Cumulative yield, wt %: 33.9
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.788
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 48.1
UOP K factor: 11.8
Sulfur, wt %: 0.004
Mercaptan sulfur, ppm: 0.7
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.01
Vis. at 20° C., cst: 1.26
Vis. at 40° C., cst: 0.95
RON (clear): 42.5
MON (clear): 40.3
Paraffins, wt %: 48.6
Naphthenes, wt %: 33.4
Aromatics, wt %: 18.0
Freeze point, °C.: –58
Smoke point, mm: 25
Cetane index: 39
Naphthalenes, vol %: 0.2
Aniline point, °C.: 55.3
Hydrogen, wt %: 14.2
200–250° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 9.3
Yield on crude, vol %: 9.4
Cumulative yield, wt %: 43.2
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.818
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 41.3
UOP K factor: 11.8
Sulfur, wt %: 0.018
Mercaptan sulfur, ppm: 0.7
Total nitrogen, ppm: 1
Basic nitrogen, ppm: 0.319
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.02
Vis. at 40° C., cst: 1.65
Vis. at 50° C., cst: 1.42
Pour point, °C.: –46
Cloud point, °C.: –44
Freeze point, °C.: –42
Smoke point, mm: 21
Cetane index: 46
Naphthalenes, vol %: 3.3
Aniline point, °C.: 63.6
Hydrogen, wt %: 13.7
250–300° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 10.4
Yield on crude, vol %: 10.2
Cumulative yield, wt %: 53.6
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.846
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 35.6
UOP K factor: 11.8
Sulfur, wt %: 0.071
Mercaptan sulfur, ppm: 0.6
Total nitrogen, ppm: 8
Basic nitrogen, ppm: 2.68
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.05
Vis. at 40° C., cst: 2.99
Vis. at 50° C., cst: 2.47
Pour point, °C.: –26
Cloud point, °C.: –25
Freeze point, °C.: –19
Smoke point, mm: 17
Cetane index: 51
Naphthalenes, vol %: 8.1
Aniline point, °C.: 68.8
Hydrogen, wt %: 13.3
300–350° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 9.1
Yield on crude, vol %: 8.7
Cumulative yield, wt %: 62.7
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.867
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 31.7
UOP K factor: 11.8
Sulfur, wt %: 0.210
Total nitrogen, ppm: 69
Basic nitrogen, ppm: 30.1
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.17
Vis. at 40° C., cst: 6.11
Vis. at 50° C., cst: 4.76
Cetane index: 57
Naphthalenes, vol %: 12.7
Aniline point, °C.: 74.4
Hydrogen, wt %: 13.0
350–370° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 3.1
Yield on crude, vol %: 2.9
Cumulative yield, wt %: 65.8
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.882
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 28.8
UOP K factor: 11.8
Sulfur, wt %: 0.312
Total nitrogen, ppm: 228
Basic nitrogen, ppm: 99.025
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.29
Vis. at 40° C., cst: 12.4
Vis. at 50° C., cst: 9.03
Pour point, °C.: 14
Cetane index: 61
Aniline point, °C.: 80.7
Hydrogen, wt %: 12.9
370° + C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 34.2
Yield on crude, vol %: 30.3
Cumulative yield, wt %: 100.0
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.937
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 19.4
UOP K factor: 12.0
Sulfur, wt %: 0.580
Total nitrogen, ppm: 2346
Basic nitrogen, ppm: 763.6
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.45
Vis. at 50° C., cst: 220.0
Vis. at 60° C., cst: 126.0
Vis. at 100° C., cst: 24.5
Pour point, °C.: 44
Wax, wt %: 10.4
Asphaltenes, wt %: 0.7
Micro carbon residue, wt %: 5.3
Rams. carbon residue, wt %: 4.4
Vanadium, ppm (wt): 5.1
Nickel, ppm (wt): 4.3
Vacuum distillation
370–450° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 11.6
Yield on crude, vol %: 10.7
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.901
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 25.5
UOP K factor: 11.9
Sulfur, wt %: 0.367
Total nitrogen, ppm: 609
Basic nitrogen, ppm: 230.6
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.35
Vis. at 50° C., cst: 23.8
Vis. at 60° C., cst: 17.0
Vis. at 100° C., cst: 6.0
Pour point, °C.: 29
Aniline point, °C.: 88.3
Hydrogen, wt %: 12.6
Wax, wt %: 11.2
450–500° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 6.4
Yield on crude, vol %: 5.8
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.915
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 23.0
UOP K factor: 12.1
Sulfur, wt %: 0.455
Total nitrogen, ppm: 1103
Basic nitrogen, ppm: 416.2
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.45
Vis. at 50° C., cst: 61.4
Vis. at 60° C., cst: 40.1
Vis. at 100° C., cst: 11.2
Pour point, °C.: 43
Aniline point, °C.: 93.0
Hydrogen, wt %: 12.4
Wax, wt %: 12.4
Micro carbon residue, wt %: 0.1
Rams. carbon residue, wt %: 0.1
500–550° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 5.3
Yield on crude, vol %: 4.7
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.933
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 20.0
UOP K factor: 12.1
Sulfur, wt %: 0.560
Total nitrogen, ppm: 1755
Basic nitrogen, ppm: 620.66
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.54
Vis. at 50° C., cst: 197.0
Vis. at 60° C., cst: 114.0
Vis. at 100° C., cst: 23.0
Pour point, °C.: 51
Aniline point, °C.: 94.6
Hydrogen, wt %: 12.2
Wax, wt %: 12.0
Micro carbon residue, wt %: 1.3
Rams. carbon residue, wt %: 1.2
550° + C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 10.9
Yield on crude, vol %: 9.1
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.996
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 10.6
UOP K factor: 11.8
Sulfur, wt %: 0.900
Total nitrogen, ppm: 5203
Basic nitrogen, ppm: 1602.5
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.52
Vis. at 100° C., cst: 748.0
Vis. at 130° C., cst: 149.0
Pour point, °C.: 54
Wax, wt %: 7.7
Asphaltenes, wt %: 2.2
Micro carbon residue, wt %: 15.8
Rams. carbon residue, wt %: 13.3
Vanadium, ppm (wt): 16.0
Nickel, ppm (wt): 13.5
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