EIA: Europe’s LNG import capacity set to expand by one-third by end 2024
LNG import capacity in the European Union (EU) and the UK will expand by 34%, or 6.8 bcfd, by 2024 compared with 2021, according to the US Energy Information Administration (EIA). This projection is based on data from International Group of Liquefied Natural Gas Importers (GIIGNL) and other trade press data. Expansions of import, or regasification, capacity will total 5.3 bcfd by end 2023 and grow further by an additional 1.5 bcfd by end 2024, EIA said.
LNG regasification capacity in the EU-27 and the UK remained relatively stable and expanded modestly in the last 10 years, by 2.8 bcfd (16%), to 20.2 bcfd at the end of 2021 from 17.5 bcfd in 2012, according to data from GIIGNL. Since Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 and the reduction in natural gas pipeline imports from Russia that followed, European countries have reactivated development of previously dormant regasification projects and have started development of new projects.
Many of the new regasification projects in Europe can be developed relatively quickly by chartering floating storage and regasification units (FSRUs) and by building pipelines to transport regasified natural gas to connecting pipelines onshore. Other regasification projects in Europe will expand capacity at the existing onshore terminals and implement upgrades to increase existing terminals' throughput.
So far this year, about 1.7 bcfd of the new and expanded LNG regasification capacity has been added in the Netherlands, Poland, Finland, Italy, and Germany. The new EemsEnergy terminal in the Netherlands (0.8 bcfd capacity) consists of two FSRU vessels and received its first import cargo in September 2022. A new FSRU terminal at Wilhelmshaven Port in Germany (0.7 bcfd capacity) was completed in November 2022.
Regasification terminals currently under construction in 7 EU countries could add an additional 3.5 bcfd of new capacity by end 2023:
- Germany is developing three new FSRU terminals, which will cumulatively add 1.4 bcfd of regasification capacity at Lubmin, Brunsbuttel, and Wilhelmshaven. Two terminals (Lubmin and Brunsbuttel) are expected to start operations this winter, and the second terminal at Wilhelmshaven is expected online in 2023.
- Poland will expand capacity at the existing LNG regasification terminal at Świnoujście by 0.2 bcfd to reach a total capacity of 0.8 bcfd by December 2023.
- France will add 0.4 bcfd of regasification capacity using the Cape Anne FSRU at Le Havre port, which is expected to come online in fall 2023.
- Finland and Estonia are jointly developing an FSRU terminal in the Finnish port of Inkoo, which will add 0.5 bcfd capacity and is expected to come online this winter.
- Italy is developing an FSRU terminal near the port of Piombino, which will add 0.5 bcfd of capacity and is expected online in spring 2023.
- Greece will bring online an FSRU vessel at Alexandroupolis port by end 2023, with 0.5 bcfd of regasification capacity.