GUIDE TO WORLD CRUDES: Saxi-Batuque crude assayed
StatoilHydro has conducted an assay of the Saxi-Batuque blended crude, which is part of the Kizomba C development project on Block 15 off Angola. ExxonMobil Corp. began production from Saxi and Batuque fields in mid-August 2008 (OGJ, Aug. 18, 2008, p. 8).
Production from the two fields, along with Mondo (assay in OGJ, Mar. 24, 2008, p. 54), which started production in January, is expected to reach 200,000 b/d later this year. Output from Block 15 will be 700,000 b/d when Saxi and Batuque fields reach peak production, ExxonMobil said.
Kizomba C, which is designed to develop 600 million bbl of oil from the Mondo, Saxi, and Batuque fields, lies in 2,400 ft of water (OGJ, Jan. 21, 2008, p. 8).
StatoilHydro, a partner in the development, described Angola as a key building block for its international production growth. So far its nine producing fields contribute more than 200,000 b/d of equity production. It holds a 13.33% stake in Block 15.
Block 15 is operated by ExxonMobil, holding a 40% stake. Its other block partners are BP 26.67%, and Eni Angola Exploration BV 20%.
Fig. 1 shows a true boiling point (TBP) curve for the whole crude. These data are from StatoilHydro.
Whole crudes
Gravity, °API: 32.83
Specific gravity: 0.8611
Pour point, °F.: 29
Neutralization number (total acid number), mg/gm: 0.64
Sulfur, wt %:0.3231
Viscosity at 20° C., cst: 12.96
Viscosity at 40° C., cst: 7.29
Viscosity at 50° C., cst: 5.75
Viscosity at 100° C., cst: 2.44
Viscosity at 150° C., cst:1.44
Mercaptan sulfur, ppm: 9.4
Nitrogen, ppm: 1,485.5
Conradson carbon residue, wt %: 2.93
Nickel, ppm: 7
Vanadium, ppm: 1.6
rvp, psi: 3.4
Heat of combustion (gross), btu/lb: 19,448
Heat of combustion (net), btu/lb: 18,459
Hydrogen sulfide (dissolved), ppm: 0
Salt content, 1,000 lb/bbl: 35
Cetane index (ASTM D4737): 33
Butane, lighter
TBP cut point, °F.: –200-60
Yield, vol %: 1.66
Gravity, °API: 119.64
Specific gravity: 0.5634
Carbon, wt %: 82.49
Hydrogen, wt %: 17.51
Viscosity at 20° C., cst: 0.36
Viscosity at 40° C., cst: 0.31
Viscosity at 50° C., cst: 0.29
Viscosity at 100° C., cst: 0.21
Viscosity at 150° C., cst: 0.17
Nitrogen, ppm: 0.1
Vanadium, ppm: 0
Heat of combustion (net), btu/lb: 19,265
Paraffins, vol %: 100
Naphthenes, vol %: 0
Distillation type: D-86
Initial boiling point, °F.: –130.5
5 vol %, °F.: –87.2
10 vol %, °F.: –24.1
20 vol %, °F.: 31.5
30 vol %, °F.: 34.5
40 vol %, °F.: 34.7
50 vol %, °F.: 33.6
60 vol %, °F.: 37.1
70 vol %, °F.: 41.5
80 vol %, °F.: 45.2
90 vol %, °F.: 44.6
95 vol %, °F.: 45.1
End point, °F.: 46.6
Cetane index (ASTM D4737): 139
Light naphtha
TBP cut point, °F.: C5-165
Yield, vol %: 4.98
Gravity, °API: 82.24
Specific gravity: 0.662
Carbon, wt %: 83.87
Hydrogen, wt %: 16.13
Viscosity at 20° C., cst: 0.41
Viscosity at 40° C., cst: 0.35
Viscosity at 50° C., cst: 0.32
Viscosity at 100° C., cst: 0.24
Viscosity at 150° C., cst: 0.19
Nitrogen, ppm: 0.1
Vanadium, ppm: 0
Heat of combustion (net), btu/lb: 18,865
Paraffins, vol %: 83.19
Naphthenes, vol %: 16.36
Distillation type: D-86
Initial boiling point, °F.: 96.9
5 vol %, °F.: 101.4
10 vol %, °F.: 104.3
20 vol %, °F.: 106.6
30 vol %, °F.: 111.4
40 vol %, °F.: 116.7
50 vol %, °F.: 121.8
60 vol %, °F.: 128.5
70 vol %, °F.: 134.1
80 vol %, °F.: 139.5
90 vol %, °F.: 142.1
95 vol %, °F.: 144.5
End point, °F.: 147.0
Cetane index (ASTM D4737): 47
Heavy naphtha
TBP cut point, °F.: 165-330
Yield, vol %: 14.12
Gravity, °API: 55.35
Specific gravity: 0.7573
Carbon, wt %: 85.56
Hydrogen, wt %: 14.44
Sulfur, wt %: 0.0077
Viscosity at 20° C., cst: 0.76
Viscosity at 40° C., cst: 0.62
Viscosity at 50° C., cst: 0.57
Viscosity at 100° C., cst: 0.39
Viscosity at 150° C., cst: 0.29
Mercaptan sulfur, ppm: 3.3
Nitrogen, ppm: 0.3
Vanadium, ppm: 0
Heat of combustion (net), btu/lb: 18,622
Paraffins, vol %: 45.02
Naphthenes, vol %: 45.33
Aromatics (FIA), vol %: 9.65
Distillation type: D-86
Initial boiling point, °F.: 207.9
5 vol %, °F.: 213.3
10 vol %, °F.: 216.1
20 vol %, °F.: 222.6
30 vol %, °F.: 230.2
40 vol %, °F.: 239.1
50 vol %, °F.: 247.6
60 vol %, °F.: 257.6
70 vol %, °F.: 268.0
80 vol %, °F.: 279.2
90 vol %, °F.: 290.8
95 vol %, °F.: 297.2
End point, °F.: 308.0
Cetane index (ASTM D4737): 30
Kerosine
TBP cut point, °F.: 330-480
Yield, vol %: 14.36
Gravity, °API: 42.24
Specific gravity: 0.8144
Carbon, wt %: 86.11
Hydrogen, wt %: 13.84
Pour point, °F.: –80
Sulfur, wt %: 0.0437
Viscosity at 20° C., cst: 1.99
Viscosity at 40° C., cst: 1.44
Viscosity at 50° C., cst: 1.25
Viscosity at 100° C., cst:0.74
Viscosity at 150° C., cst: 0.5
Mercaptan sulfur, ppm: 3.6
Nitrogen, ppm: 5.3
Vanadium, ppm: 0
Heat of combustion (net), btu/lb: 18,550
Paraffins, vol %: 35.5
Naphthenes, vol %: 51.41
Aromatics (FIA), vol %: 13.08
Distillation type: D-86
Initial boiling point, °F.: 364.3
5 vol %, °F.: 368.9
10 vol %, °F.: 371.2
20 vol %, °F.: 376.7
30 vol %, °F.: 383.4
40 vol %, °F.: 391.0
50 vol %, °F.: 398.3
60 vol %, °F.: 407.0
70 vol %, °F.: 415.7
80 vol %, °F.: 425.3
90 vol %, °F.: 434.9
95 vol %, °F.: 440.3
End point, °F.: 444.7
Freeze point, °F.: –58.5
Smoke point, mm: 21.8
Naphthalenes (ASTM D1840), vol %: 3.6
Cetane index (ASTM D4737): 42
Cloud point, °F.: –62
Aniline point, °F.: 138.1
Diesel
TBP cut point, °F.: 480-650
Yield, vol %: 18.88
Gravity, °API: 33.98
Specific gravity: 0.8551
Carbon, wt %: 86.41
Hydrogen, wt %: 13.42
Pour point, °F.: 0
Neutralization number (total acid number), mg/gm: 0.941
Sulfur, wt %: 0.1642
Viscosity at 20° C., cst: 7.76
Viscosity at 40° C., cst: 4.33
Viscosity at 50° C., cst: 3.42
Viscosity at 100° C., cst: 1.51
Viscosity at 150° C., cst: 0.9
Nitrogen, ppm: 94.4
Conradson carbon residue, wt %: 0
Nickel, ppm: 0
Vanadium, ppm: 0
Paraffins, vol %: 39.58
Naphthenes, vol %: 34.77
Distillation type: D-86
Initial boiling point, °F.: 506.3
5 vol %, °F.: 511.3
10 vol %, °F.: 513.8
20 vol %, °F.: 520.2
30 vol %, °F.: 527.8
40 vol %, °F.: 536.5
50 vol %, °F.: 544.7
60 vol %, °F.: 554.3
70 vol %, °F.: 564.6
80 vol %, °F.: 575.8
90 vol %, °F.: 587.6
95 vol %, °F.: 594.3
End point, °F.: 605.0
Freeze point, °F.: 19.4
Cetane index (ASTM D4737): 54
Cloud point, °F.: 14
Aniline point, °F.: 162.8
Vacuum gas oil
TBP cut point, °F.: 650-1,000
Yield, vol %: 29.88
Gravity, °API: 24.47
Specific gravity: 0.9072
Carbon, wt %: 86.69
Hydrogen, wt %: 12.84
Pour point, °F.: 90
Neutralization number (total acid number), mg/gm: 0.47
Sulfur, wt %: 0.3773
Viscosity at 20° C., cst: 182.49
Viscosity at 40° C., cst: 54.58
Viscosity at 50° C., cst: 33.89
Viscosity at 100° C., cst: 6.8
Viscosity at 150° C., cst: 2.77
Nitrogen, ppm: 1,022.3
Conradson carbon residue, wt %: 0.23
Nickel, ppm: 0.1
Vanadium, ppm: 0
Paraffins, vol %: 22.18
Naphthenes, vol %: 53.75
Distillation type: D-1160
Initial boiling point, °F.: 689.8
5 vol %, °F.: 694.3
10 vol %, °F.: 705.1
20 vol %, °F.: 727.3
30 vol %, °F.: 752.9
40 vol %, °F.: 780.6
50 vol %, °F.: 810.5
60 vol %, °F.: 840.7
70 vol %, °F.: 870.2
80 vol %, °F.: 900.5
90 vol %, °F.: 930.0
95 vol %, °F.: 948.2
End point, °F.: 969.8
Cetane index (ASTM D4737): 56
Aniline point, °F.: 190.2
Vacuum residue
TBP cut point, °F.: 1,000+
Yield, vol %: 16.12
Gravity, °API: 11.46
Specific gravity: 0.9898
Pour point, °F.: 99
Neutralization number (total acid number), mg/gm: 1.153
Sulfur, wt %: 0.7543
Viscosity at 20° C., cst: 5,196,579.3
Viscosity at 40° C., cst: 212,838.98
Viscosity at 50° C., cst: 59,137.4
Viscosity at 100° C., cst: 759.77
Viscosity at 150° C., cst: 70.77
Nitrogen, ppm: 5,974.7
Conradson carbon residue, wt %: 15.24
n-Heptane insolubles (C7 asphaltenes), wt %: 1.5
Nickel, ppm: 38.8
Vanadium, ppm: 8.5
Distillation type: D-1160
Initial boiling point, °F.: 1,038.5
5 vol %, °F.: 1,042.9
10 vol %, °F.: 1,053.3
20 vol %, °F.: 1,076.2
30 vol %, °F.: 1,103.6
40 vol %, °F.: 1,135.0
50 vol %, °F.: 1,170.8
60 vol %, °F.: 1,213.3
70 vol %, °F.: 1,258.8
80 vol %, °F.: 1,309.5
90 vol %, °F.: 1,362.9
95 vol %, °F.: 1,397.6
End point, °F.: 1,457.0
Cetane index (ASTM D4737): 42